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Well-being includes phenomena such as mental health, life satisfaction, positive attitude and feeling happiness. The present study deals with the relationship between language and well-being and claims that well-being factors are expressed in the words of the language. For example, the happiness factor in a language is reflected by certain words such as happy, happiness and satisfied. The theoretical framework of the present study is ecolinguistics. The method is corpus based. The data is extracted from the research of Secretariat of Emotional Intelligence of Tehran Education in 2017. In this study, the well-being status of 1095 high school students, the first and second period, girls and boys, public and private of District One of Tehran have been evaluated. The students' responses to the question about well-being criteria are the base of the present study. The corpus consists of 1161 words with a frequency of 35,455. The content words associated with the five Well-being factors of engagement (occupation and entertainment), perseverance, optimism, connectedness and happiness were extracted in the framework of the semantic map of Jiaqi Wu et al. (2017), by using top-down method. They were analyzed using Excel and SPSS soft-wares. Some examples of the words that represent the well-being factor of happiness are: “relaxation, facilities, happy, healthy, fun, health, happiness, excellent, pleasant, relaxed, happy, satisfied, faith, satisfaction, enjoyed, happiness, joy, and fun”. The research findings show 6845 words of the corpus (about35.7%) are related to well-being, and there is a significant relationship between well-being factors and produced words

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By the establishment of local semi-independent governments in the southern shores of the Caspian Sea, Iranian north provinces were cover of conflicts between the local governors with Omayyad and Abbasids Caliphates. Supplying political security in Tabaristan and creating suitable conditions for economic development led to formation of multiple garrisons in the vast geography of the region. These buildings, by the historical and geographical sources, have been nominated as Maslah-i-, Sakhlou and Zeynistan. The Garrisons in Abbasids period. Were built by Abol-Abbas-i- Tousi. The geographical coverage of these garisons included in Plain, jungles and Mountainous areas. Starting from Tammish-i- city in the east of Tabaristan to the Chalous city in the west. The quantity of garrisons has differed between 31, 45 to 50 numbers. In this research, we recognized 31 garrisons. Also we tried determine the distribution of garrisons according to historical and geographical sources.

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The Difference between Narrator and Spoken Narration: The Analysis of “Lion and Cow” Story in Kelile and Bidpay The comparison includes: narrator’s participation in the beginning of the story, extradigestic and intradigestic narrator, the role of narrator in lexical emphasis, narrator’s tone, the mode of narrator’s conclusion, the focalizer-narrator, and strong appearance of the narrator in the end of the story. Finally, the difference between two styles in narration of two texts (Kelile and Bidpay).  

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Translation of Quran into other languages is necessary in accelerating the process of human evolution in non-Arab communities. Because, Quran's translation has a considerable impact on culture and society, as the social and cultural context of translator plays an important role in his translation. The comparison of four French translations of Quran from 17 to 20 century, relying on the cultural verses of Sūrah al-Ḥujurāt, helps the authors to express the evolutionary process of the Quran's translation and to clarify this mutual influence. The appropriate translation of these verses, teaches the civilized language to the audience. The correct translation would require correct decoding of the source text and then correct encoding in the target text. The definition of three levels: structure, content and context as the base of the study of translation, introduces the appropriate translation. It clarifies that the maximum commitment to ST moreover to preventing damage to the meaning, complete process of the transmission in a best way by considering these three levels and on the basis of various strategies of translation into demanded conditions in the verse. Thus, this paper chooses Library resources with descriptive-analytical processing and the main objective of this paper is to investigate the evolution of translating the Quran in French, the introducing of superior translation, highlighting of the position of some approaches, by the translation theorists. In this way it is possible to find a combined pattern of approaches to provide a translation of the Quran. We will respond to cause of the revisions of the translations, during the time.

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Imagology is one of the literary theories in comparative literature .Imagologie's component can be considered in six components: cliché, mold pattern, pre judgment, image, symbol and myth. In this article, foreign's image in Ferdosi's Shahname is epic work which is in defense of Iranian's national country and it is analysed in aspect of stereotypes processing. cliche (public belief) is a expression that is used by water Lip Man in America for stating public belief among one group or culture. The result of this research is that the reflect of foreign's image in Shahname in form of stereotype processing contain 13/58 percent from all of the four cases of foreigns personalities which are surveyed in this research. According to cliché's component, foreign personalities in Shahname can be divided to three categories: a) foreign's personalities who are linked by marriage with Iran. B) personalities who are going to impose a power or taking taxes ,attacked to Iran. C) using Iran's hero's power in foreign country. Among this one, the most relationship with foreign is done by establishing adultery link laundering .ferdosi has drawn the cause and result of these relations by others unpleasantly.  

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Aims: This article discusses the formation of the concept of "performance" and its expansion in urban studies, focusing on the rhetorical field of "city strolling" and the effect of this concept in forming new perceptions of the city and urban practices. The present research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the impact of the concept of "performance" in urban discourse and introducing its effectiveness in the study of urban phenomena and the design of urban public spaces.
Methods: The research method is qualitative. Based on library research, the formation of this concept and its effects in the field of urban studies have been analyzed.
Findings: City strolling (especially Debord's "Dérive") due to its internal capacities, has been the origin of the concept of performance, which has not only changed the relationship between the city and its residents, but also has been effective in the emergence of new practices and forms of behavior in the city. "Dérive" imposes elements such as play, show, intervention and situation to the city system and reads the city not based on the previous dominant narrative, but based on the experiences of the activists.
Conclusion: Special attention to daily practices and affairs, fleeting encounters, action processes and social interactions in the context of the city requires an approach that can decipher the functional logic of these activities. Performance, both as a kind of behavior and as a kind of analogy and efficient method, has shown and proved its potential in city studies.
 

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Research subject: In recent years, due to limited water resources and the extraordinary increase in nitrates in the environment, efforts to remove and control in order to benefit from the natural adsorbents have been made. Although according to the negatively charged surface of bentonite particles, absorbent needs improvement.
Research approach: In the current study, the adsorption of nitrate columns by the modified calcium montmorillonite adsorbent was investigated. Furthermore, In order to change the surface load and increase the adsorption efficiency, three-step acid leaching, oxidation layering, and loading of the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide on the adsorbent were performed. Molecular interaction and crystallography of pure montmorillonite and synthetic nano-adsorbent (ACZ) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. Moreover, the morphology of ACZ nano adsorbents was evaluated using Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
Main results: Nanoparticle compaction and less access to pores and cavities in the fixed bed column reduced the adsorbent capacity inside the column compared to the discontinuous system.
The results showed that an increase in inlet concentration from 80 to 150 mg/L increased the adsorption capacity from 67.39 to 88.25 mg/g. Reducing the inlet flow rate increased the penetration time, interaction, and greater access to the binding sites for nitrate ions and finally improved the column performance and increased the inlet flow rate reduced the adsorption capacity and breakthrough time. Therefore, the adsorption of nitrate ions by the stage of internal mass transfer is controlled and depends on the duration of interaction and the possibility of penetration into the active sites. With increasing the bed height from 4.2 to 9 cm, there was a significant increase in adsorption capacity from 60.608 to 77.167 mg/g. The effect of detergents and recovery showed an absorption column; After 3 leaching steps, acid leaching played an important role in increasing column recovery. Experimental data with correlation coefficients of R²>0.95 corresponded to Thomas and Yoon-Nelson kinetic models.
In this study, the ACZ nano adsorbent column for rapid removal of nitrate ions from aqueous solutions was introduced and for use in reusable systems was proposed.
 

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Since the literary language disrupts mimetic and common framework, the relationship between imagination and reality should be featured. The richness of imaginative representations is also in the light of the literary representation. The literary representation of a place creates another place in the mind and some non-visible virtual spaces are activated. Figures of speech show the literary characteristics of architecture, as well as dialectical relationship between real and imaginary architectural space. So the vocabulary of emotion and the experience of the "I" of several French authors which are selected from the eighteenth century onwards, faced with Iran's architectural spaces will be studied; because, through the different perceptions of subjects, these spaces expand in the literary world. Also, the entrance of time into the world of discourse, cause confusion with the place and the production of meaning.The specification of the relationship between the architecture and the subject, involves examining the space-time architecture in the works of the selected authors. Thus, the need to strive to preserve aesthetic beauty is highlighted, and the plan for the reconstruction of some architectural spaces is to be obtained beyond this reading. This study is aimed at building a symbolic network of Iranian architectural space. Explore of beyond the symbolic architectural spaces reveals the authors' personal myth, and it brings a new identity to the world of work and the architectural spaces in which it flows. Such a study requires a reliance on geocriticism and documentary method, with descriptive-analytic processing.

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If the organizational excellence models employ correctly, they would be effective tools for institutionalizing organizational concepts & values, employing self-assessment methods, organizational learning and continuous improvement in the organizations. And also it will provide recognition of the best processes. Islamic Republic of Iran Police tries to design and operationalize its excellence models, but the proportionate excellence patterns that can be applicable for Islamic Republic of Iran Police, hasn’t designed and executed yet. So the subject of this research is to design an organizational excellence model in Islamic Republic of Iran Police. To develop this model weights of criteria has obtained using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and relationships between criteria has determined using DEMATEL method. results show that leadership criteria has the highest score between enablers and the most effectiveness on others. Additionally, client results have the highest score between results and is the main receiver between other criteria. Finally a hierarchy method to prioritize improvement projects has suggested.

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In this study, we have investigated Sam battles; the hero of Sam Nameh; applying structural research methodology. To this goal, at first , the collection of battles have been categorized in five agents such as subject , battle’s motif , battle adversary, adjuvants , and the results of battle. Then, by summarizing table data, we reached nine total conclusions related to the battle’s structure of this poems. At the next step, by reducing these nine conclusions, we obtained three general formula. The main function of Sam nameh hero’s battles is to highlight an exaggerated hero who is always victorious. In a non-linear study and regarding sender / motif pairs, the progress of battles is separable. The first class includes hero’s battles from beginning of the story till his departure to the land of Shadad A’d and then his battles with the king of china and his army by the motif of love.    
Second class has been devoted to the collection of hero’s battles with regard to religious motifs and other marginal factors. Also, Sam Nameh hero’s is an independent actant who do not obey any king. Considering this fact and absence of no national motif , it is possible to say that Sam Nameh is not an epic work , rather this is a love story whose poet intervention in order to shape a an affected discourse has made it an exclusive work with special structures. 

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A large number of beliefs and old credences of Turkmen people inhabiting in Turkmen Sahra can be categorized based on the cultural reflections appeared in rituals like Porkhani or Daggers Dance. These rituals and costumes reflect the beliefs and ideas borrowed from neighboring societies or ancient religions dating back to the pre islamic era as well as Islamic ideology.

From a different angle studying the superstitious beliefs such as believing in evil creatures, harmful ghosts, demons,fairies are indications of vicissitude history of Turkmen people.

In this research we endeavoured to re estate information gathered from field work research as well as presenting credible research resources utilising comprehensive analysis from phenomenology of symbols of religious-tribal turkmen rituals.

The anthropological study of Shamanism as the main religious idea among ancient turkmens and synthesis of iranian elements along with Sufism with it is the dominant content of this research paper that depicts the belief system turkmens. This phenomena is called “folk religion” that is an amalgamation of beliefs, primitive perceptions, legends, myths, ancient religions, subordinate and tribal ideologies along with manipulated and false images and lastly the official religion of the territory.

Folk religion is an absorbing subject for folklorists, anthropologists and ethnologists so that they can record and recognise the consisting elements and worldview, mood, mentality of people in general.

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Sassanid reign, as one of the most powerful Iranian dynasties, lasted for over four centuries before the Arab Moslems’ attack to Iran. The great Sassanid government managed to convert the Feudal Iran of Parthian era into a united and strong country thanks to its central government and Zoroastrianism nationalism; this not only recreated political power but also hugely revolutionized the cultural and social issues in Iran. However, different factors, after a while, led to the gradual weakness and suppression of this dynasty before the Arab Moslems’ attack. In this research, auditing the historians of all these four centuries of the early Islamic era including Abou- HanifehDinvari, Yaghoubi, Masoudi, Tabari, and EbneMoskouyeh exactly and from all aspects, many attempts have been made to figure out and analyze the reasons of this gradual weakness and overthrown of Sassanid Reign the emnloying a historical-descriptive method. The results of this research reveal that in the view of the historians of all these four centuries of the early Islamic era, the following factors were the most crucial reasons of Sassanid’s downfall and defeat before the Arab Moslems: religious prejudice, high position of Zoroastrian clergymen, well-borns’ increasing power, massacre of the royal family by Shirouyeh, the last Sassanid kings’ lack of authority, a military coup against the kings, long exhausting overseas battles, especially the constant wars against the Rome Empires, toppling the Ale-Lakhm by KhosrouParviz, economic pressures on people and heavy taxes, natural disasters like the Tigris and Euphrates rivers bursting their banks, and hidden helps.

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  According to epistemological theories of islamic thinkers,there are three ways toget tocognition: sensorial ,intellectual and intuitive. However, some scholars do not recognize the third at all. Matoridi theologian, Aboomo'in Nasafi, believes that three things are needed to gain insight into: 1 - Intact senses  2 - True  news 3 - Wisdom" (Nasafi, 1990: 24). But Sufis in addition to believing in the intuitive cognition, daresay that it is higher than the other two. Islamic theologians instead of using the term "intuitive cognition" profit from  the word "Ilham" which is meant to "Inspiration".Can one claim that  Attar Neishaburi as a sufi has presented his own epistemology? Shafie kadkani based on this verse of Attar's Divine book, i.e: Language of science boils sun-like Language of cognition is eternal dumb. believes that "scientific language" is a language  which is clear and unambiguous and language of cognition is ambiguous criteria. In Shafie's opinion these two terms of Attar is comparable with the terms "referential language" and "emotional language" adopted by Richards, English critic. This paper will show that: 1 – Shafie's description is inaccurate. 2- His mistake caused the wrong comparison between Attar's views and Richard's critical comments. 3- With the rejection of Shafie's claim we find that  Attar has not provided a new comment in the field of epistemology

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The focus of this paper is on standard Markowitz mean–variance model and its traditional approach to solve portfolio selection problem (Quadratic Planning). For this goal we have applied a meta-heuristic method based on genetic algorithms (GA) in order to trace out the efficient frontier associated with the portfolio selection problem under cardinality and bounding constraints. These constraints ensure the investment in a given number of different assets and limit the amount of capital to be invested in each asset. We have presented some experimental results in two samples from Iranian stock market and overseas ones and compare the GA result with unconstrained quadratic results. Finally, we have found out which proposed GA can optimize portfolio selection problem under cardinality and bounded constrains

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• Each nation has its origins in the manifestation of the beliefs and customs of its people. Literature is the mirror par excellence of each nation's past. The history of each nation or people is not discontinuous and, if a message of a text of folk literature is related to its historical realities, it will always be transmitted over time to the following periods and will be periodically reconstructed. One Thousand and One Nights- the prototype of world’s tale- has been always a remarkable source in folk literature. Throughout the history and over time, these stories have been emerged under diverse meanings and shapes. Farīd ud-Dīn Attār, the mystic poet- has taken the advantages of folk literature in order to express mystic thoughts. The existence of common signs and points as well as formal and content aspects of these tales show the inter-textual relations of both histories. It is possible to describe structural pattern of these stories by investigating their lyric structure. According to their theme, stories have different content (epic, romantic and mystic). In this research, the authors have compared two histories from Elahi-Nāmeh and One Thousand and One Nights according to Gérard Genette theoretical framework and inter textual relation by insisting on the their impressionability from folk literature.
   

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