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The word is composed of three elements: noun and verb and grapheme. And each of these elements has special meaning. The Quran, which is a literary masterpiece, has used of these structures very good.  Because the words of revelation included the meaning fully and exactly, so the translation of verses must be accurate. The verbs express the time in addition to the meaning, while the nouns have not the time. Because of the equality between two languages Arabic and Persian, translation of the verbs in Quran into Persian is not a problem. But it is difficult to translate noun elements to Persian and usually the noun elements are translated to verbs. This action of the translators has caused an imbalance between the equivalents in front of the main text.      

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Autonomy support environments and Job involvement among University of Tehran’s employees: The mediating role of Basic psychological needs. As feedback and an important variable in enhancing an organization’s effectiveness, job involvement causes and consequences recognition is of great importance to managers, and an ultimate goal for organizational behavior management. Considering the importance of self-motivation in job involvement, it is necessary to illuminate job involvement through a motivation theory, for instance: self-determination theory. This theory states that work conditions which allow basic psychological needs fulfillment, pave the way for job involvement. Little research studying the relationship between these needs’ fulfillment and employees’ job involvement have been conducted, which calls for more research on this subject. This research is based on a correlation analysis, utilizing structure equation modeling methods. The Statistical population studied here is all of Tehran University’s employees, through which 113 people have been randomly chosen. Research findings show that autonomy support environments have a significant effect on fulfilling mental needs (0.6) , and that mental needs fulfillment, in turn, has a direct significant effect on job involvement (0.54). Moreover, indirect effects of autonomy support on job involvement’s significance (0.33), indicates the intermediary role of mental needs fulfillment in relation to these two variables.

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Baroque movement started from Italy and covered the whole Europe. Baroque school came into being after the glorious Renaissance era, and The Indian style came into being in Persian literature likewise Iraqi. These two have a firm relationship with each other. For example, sonnet is the prevailing form in both schools. Also they have concepts like movement and permutation, emphasis on visible and concrete forms, reliance on physical beauty, how to describe nature, dominance of décor, defamiliarization, etc, in common. What are clearly observed in Baroque literature are: not imitating the formers, instability of the world, movement metaphors, death, presentation, carpe diem, artist's revolution, philosophical complexity, paradox, conditionality of human knowledge, freedom of speech,etc. These are also salient in the poetry of Bidel Dehlavi. This research studies the firm relationship between Baroque school and poetic style in Iran and India considering some poems of Bidel.

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Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between developmental performance appraisal and Job performance mediated by organizational commitment and organizational support in the employees. This study performed in the Gas Company of Guilan Province in 2013. A number of 217 employees were selected as the participants using classified random sampling consistent with the sample size. Participants in this research complemented following Questionnaires: developmental performance appraisal, Organizational Commitment, Organizational support, Task Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. To confirm the scale factor structure and to evaluate the suggested model, confirmative factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted. Moreover, Bootstrap Test was adopted to examine its mediation and meaningfulness effects. The results revealed that the suggested model satisfies a good fitting regarding provided data. The research findings showed that only the indirect path of developmental performance appraisal, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior was meaningful, while the other three indirect paths (developmental performance appraisal, organizational support and commitment on task performance and developmental performance appraisal, organizational support and organizational citizenship

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Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles are highly regarded in drug delivery due to bioavailability, better encapsulation, controlled release and low toxicity. Drug encapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles may improve the therapeutic effects of these compounds. Polymers are divided in two types: natural and synthetic. Chitosan, as a natural polymer, can have many applications in drug delivery due to good properies. The purpose of this study is to optimization of the production of chitosan nanoparticles for drug delivery. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared according to ionic gelation method and characterized. Prepared nanoparticle morphology investigated using SEM and particle size distribution, and surface charge and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined by Nanozeta Sizer. FTIR spectra of the lyophilized samples were recorded and proved the formation of nanoparticles. This study has shown that the particle size and zeta potential can be controlled by a change in the ratio of the weight and volume of chitosan and pH adjustment.

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One of the important principles of Al-Zamakhshariin commentary is the use of prophetic Hadiths to study issues such as literary sciences, Qur'anic sciences, etc., in order to understand the meaning of the verse. Meanwhile it is noteworthy thatZamakhshari used from prophetic Hadiths in 19 cases to explain the meaning of words. In this regard, the present study, based on the analytical-describing method and a critical approach, evaluates four challenging applications in terms of the meaning of the word by analyzing the Zamakhshari's views and then reflects the result of the review of the meaning of the words in the contemporary Persian translations of the Quran. And finally, it has come to the conclusion that in the majority of cases Zamakhshari did not properly use the narratives, and on the other hand, contemporary Persian translations have not been successful in this regard, but in any case, almost the late Ayatollah Meshkini has been more successful than other translators.

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 Research subject: Low solubility of pharmaceutical compounds leads to increasing the required drug dosage and their side effects as well as reducing their therapeutic efficiency. Producing pharmaceutical micro/nanoparticles with homogenous morphology and narrow size distribution is one of the confirmed approaches for their solubility enhancement. So, selection and designing an appropriate method for this purpose is one of the most important research fields of pharmaceutical industries. Over the past three decades, supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO₂) based methods as a clean and green technologies have been received much attention in various fields of pharmaceutical industries. However, in order to design and development of these methods for producing micro/nanoparticles, determination of the compounds solubility in sc-CO₂ is essential.
Research approach: In this research, well known empirical models (Adachi and Lu, Ch and Madras, Hozahzbr et al., Bian et al., Mendez-Santiago-Teja), as well as the artificial neural network model were applied for prediction the solubility of six anticancer drugs (Aprepitant, 5-Fluorouracil, Imatinib mesylate, Capecitabine, Letrozole, Docetaxel) in sc-CO₂.
 In order to evaluate the accuracy of these models, a comparison was made between the calculated solubility values and the available experimental data, based on several statistical criteria, such as the average absolute relative deviation (AARD%), adjusted correlation coefficient (R_adj) and F-value.
Main results: According to obtained results, Adachi and Lu model with AARD% value of 12.12% and R_adj value of 0.97 provided acceptable results for solubility of mentioned drugs in sc-CO₂. Also, in comparison between empirical and artificial neural network models, the latter one with AARD% value of 1.65% and R_adj value of 0.9960 was appointed as the most appropriate model for correlation of drugs solubility data.

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According to the theory of intertextuality: a text is not created in isolation and cannot be read or interpreted without making references to the other texts. In reading the story of Paykare Farhad the influence of Boofe Koor is clearly noticeable. In fact, there are some signs presented in Paykare Farhad, which can be utilized to find the sources of intertextuality in the text. This Research by using comparative Methods based on the theory of intertextuality and analyzing the evidence attempts to prove the hypothesis, that the Commonality between Paykare Farhad and Boofe Koor that in some cases has got imitating nature is not accidental. And this reflects the influence of Boofe Koor in creating Paykare Farhad: Similar plot, same narrative style (stream of consciousness), the belief in reincarnation, the use of common symbols such as the blue Lily and… are some of the features that Paykare Farhad shares in common with Boofe Koor. The main achievement of this essay is investigation and analysis of these similarities, in order to demonstrate the intertextuality of these two texts.

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Endoglucanase Cel9A from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius (AaCel9A), a thermophile enzyme, randomly breaks β1-4 glycosidic bond between glucose units in cellulose polymer and produces oligosaccharides with reducing end. In this study, first of all, E.coli BL21 cells were transformed by pDEST17 carrying AaCel9A enzyme gene for expression of the recombinant enzyme. After expression, the recombinant enzyme was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column and the purity of the recombinant protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Due to impact of the calcium, pH and temperature on AaCel9A activity, the effects of these parameters were investigated on AaCel9A activity to optimize activity condition by using Response surface methodology. The SDS-PAGE result showed that AaCel9A, with molecular weight of 59 kDa, was expressed and purified. Response surface methodology data reveal that the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme is higher than temperature and the calcium effect is less than temperature. Results showed that the optimum condition of AaCel9A activity reaches at pH 6.35 and 64.5 ˚C as well as 4.92 mM of calcium. Finally, the high correlation between experimental and predicted date indicated that the proposed model for optimizing the enzyme activity has a high accuracy.

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Cellulase enzyme has shown their potential application in different industry. cellulase immobilization is one of the different methods for enzymatic stabilization. An advantage of immobilization is enzymatic reusability, which have an economical advantage for enzyme using in industry. Properties of Chitosan as a support for enzyme immobilization are always considerable. Due to its unique biological properties such as biocompability, biodegradability and non-toxicity, chitosan is an attractive support for immobilization. In this investigation Aa-cel9A endoglucanase gene was cloned in pET28 (+) expression vector. Sequencing result had been proved gene cloning in vector. Then the constructed vector was transformed to Eshershia.Coli (BL21) cells and enzyme production was induced. The result obtained from SDS-PAGE analysis and enzymatic assay showed the recombinant protein has been expressed and protein purification was done with Ni-NTA column. Chitosan macrobeads were prepared by precipitation procedure. After immobilization of enzyme with glutaraldehyde as linker, enzyme immobilization has been proved with FTIR and Bradford analysis. The obtained result showed optimum condition for covalent immobization on support are 0.7% of glutaraldehyde concentration and sodium phosphate buffer with pH 7. Bradford analysis and enzymatic activity assay have proved 85% of enzyme molecules immobilized on support.

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Objectives: Salmonella typhimurium is important food-borne pathogen responsible for gastroenteritis. In this work a polymerase chain reaction based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) was developed to identify Salmonella typhimurium. Materials and Methods: The rfb gene which is responsible for biosynthesis of the Salmonella O-antigenic lipopolysaccharide was selected as the target sequence. The selected primers amplified fragment size of 882bp of S. typhimurium. Food samples contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium as well as clinical and standard samples were used in this investigation. The PCR products randomly labeled with Dig-11-dUTP were transformed to a plate coated with streptoavidin and tested with anti digoxigenin. An internal biotin-labeled probe was used to confirm the amplified PCR product. Results: The specificity of the assay toward S.typhimurium samples was confirmed by testing 20 Salmonella and 6 non Salmonella strains. ELISA increased the sensitivity of the conventional PCR method by approximately 1000 fold. Conclusion: The method presented here is a rapid and specific alternative for the traditional time consuming culture methods for the detection of S. typhimurium in food and clinical samples. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity, our method finds its place as an alternative to PCR in large scale screenings, for detection of S. typhimurium.

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Aptamers, DNA or RNA single-stranded sequences, have different applications in biological investigations, such as apatsensors, due to their many advantages including high specificity and affinity, cost-effectiveness and easy synthesis. In this study, an aptasensor was designed based on the changes in the SPR spectra of gold nanoparticle, in order to detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) cancer indicator as a marker for breast cancer. In the presence of aptamer, gold nanoparticles were stable, SPR spectrum of gold nanoparticle was unchanged after adding NaCl. However, in the presence of CEA as a cancer marker, aptamer binds to the target molecule and by adding NaCl consequently the SPR spectrum of gold nanoparticles is changed. The results of this study showed that the designed aptasensor enables the detection of CEA over a range of 50 ng ml^-1. The limit of detection was about 22.75 ng ml^-1. It seems this aptasensor can be used in detection of carcinoembryonic antigen cancer marker.

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Nowadays, conservation is recognized as a complex and ongoing social process that includes identifying and valuing heritage and how it is used, cared for, and interpreted. In this article, it has been tried to examine the ritual of asking for rain centered on dolls in different geographical regions and in their culture. It, then, discusses the values of these works and finally the conservation and restoration approaches related to this ritual and the objects used in it. Different methods and approaches are necessary for the protection of these ritual objects. Some approaches can increase knowledge and awareness of these objects and rituals in the society, and on the other hand, this approach requires the use of all sciences related to conservation and restoration, both hard and soft sciences. In fact, every society must try to protect the cultural patterns of its country in order to continue its original and real life.

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Enzymes play an essential role in catalyzing the reactions for multiple industrial applications. One of these critical industries with a worldwide application is paper and pulp, which is cost-effective in increasing attention. Xylanases are potential enzymes that proved their abilities in a broad range of applications, specifically in the paper and pulp industry as a biobleaching agent and dye removal biocatalyst. In these decades, the production of novel enzymes from natural sources is conceivable, especially with applying the culture-independent method of metagenome. This practical approach provides the opportunity to identify the novel enzymes from uncultivable microbial diversities. Concerning the importance of the thermostable enzymes for industrial applications and their better action in harsh conditions, this study aimed to identify novel thermostable xylanase from metagenomic data of sheep rumen by applying the in-silico screening. The thermostable xylanase was extracted from the ruminal DNA and after cloning and expression named PersiXyn5. The enzymeschr('39') kinetic parameters, including Km, Vmax, and its specific activity, were examined. The enzyme was optimally active at 80  and pH 8 and could retain 58% of its maximum activity after 2h of incubation at 90 . The thermostable, alkali PersiXyn5 was an efficient enzyme in the paper industry and poultry feed and fuel applications.

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Autism spectrum disorder has always been associated with pragmatic language disorder. The present study aims to investigate the effect of audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises on improving (non)verbal communication skills in children with autism. It is a clinical trial with a pretest-posttest design. Subjects were selected by convenience sampling method which included 19 children aged 7 to 9 years old with autism spectrum disorder (level 1: requiring support). They received an intervention program organized in 18 individual sessions of 45 to 60 minutes. The findings of the study revealed that utilized audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises improved pragmatic level in children with autism spectrum disorder. In other words, it had a positive effect (p< 0.05) on the subscales of pragmatic skills in the Bishop Communication Checklist Questionnaire (1998). According to the results, it was shown that audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises improved (non)verbal communication skills in children with autism.
 
1. Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which one of the most important symptoms is deficits in social communication and interaction. Children with ASD have a wide range of communication, social, and speech needs and require special behavioral and educational programs. Since communication problems have always been considered as a core feature of autistic children, interventions with the increase of language use and the reduction of communication and language problems are necessary.
Social stories that are used as an intervention are short stories written in conformance with the guidelines provided by Gray (1991). By reading, seeing and hearing them, the child prepares in his/her mind to face different situations and to show appropriate answers and reactions based on the relevant situation. According to the speech therapists, the lack of localized stories and along with them the pragmatic exercises for children with ASD were strongly felt since comprehensive exercises in Persian have not been designed yet for these children. Attempts are made to help the language development of children with disabilities (level 1) by using researcher-made tools that include social short stories and pragmatic exercises to increase their language abilities. The focus of the designed stories has been on improving communication skills in different situations as well as daily routines. In the present study, we seek to answer the following questions:
1. Do the audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises improve pragmatic skills in children with level 1 autism (requiring support)?
2. Which of the subscales related to the cognitive-functional part of the children’s communication checklist of Kazemi et al. (2005) are affected by teaching the audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises?
 
2. Literature Review
Studies have found that verbal and non-verbal forms of communication are impaired in these children, and even if the linguistic structure ability left unimpaired, the social and communicative use is impaired. As a case in point, Surian et al. (1996) stated that these children ignore the principle of quantity in conversation, and the Gricean maxim violations made their speech irrelevant and meaningless.
Social stories were first developed by Carol Gray (1991) to assist individuals with autism spectrum disorders to develop greater social understanding. In these stories, by providing information about the conditions that have created difficulties for the child with ASD and explaining those conditions to him/her, we can help them to improve their mastery of the situation, with having role models and behavioral examples.
Feinberg (2001, cited in Quirmbach et al., 2008) has studied the effectiveness of social stories among 34 children with ASD, aged between eight to thirteen. In this study, pre-test and post-test methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness. The results of this study show that social stories have a positive effect on the initiation and establishment of communication between children with ASD and their peers.
In Iran, research has been conducted to teach social skills to children with autism through social stories. Tutuni (2011) compared and observed the performance of children with autism disorders structure domain (speech, syntax, semantics) and pragmatics (coherence, inappropriate initiation, stereotyped language, using context and conversational context) with the performance of normal Persian-speaking children. The performance of children with ASD is significantly different from the normal children. Children with autism have poorer performance in terms of pragmatics comparing to the linguistic structure. In addition , Golzari and Hemmati (2015) investigated the effect of social story intervention on improving the social skills of male students with autism. The results showed that the mean scores of social skills and its subscales (ability to understand the emotions and views of others, ability to start interacting with others, and ability to maintain interaction with others) in the experimental group increased significantly and their findings indicate the effect of social stories intervention on improving the skills.
Pragmatic skills — as the key components of social interaction — require the proper development of mind theory. The pragmatic aspects of language and how to learn them are closely related to children's learning of mind theory, especially their mental understanding of intentions and other mental states (Tager-Flusberg, 2000). The theory that can explain the simultaneous occurrence of deficit in socialization, language, and imagination in children with autism is called the theory of mind (Wing & Gould, 1979). Therefore, the inability to develop the theory of mind has been considered as an explanation for the problems of children with autism in social interactions (Baron-Cohen & Weelwright, 2003). It is because of this lack of mental capacity that these children talk about subjects aimlessly, failing to take turns in conversation and maintaining the subject of conversation. They have difficulty in understanding their own and others' mental states and cannot use their communication skills according to the situation.
As a result, in the present study, according to the theory of mind, in designing audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises, perspective sentences have been used to teach the children that the views of others are different from their own views and each behavior causes various feelings in different people. And this is the attention to the theory of mind approach that has been considered in stories and pragmatic exercises.
 
3. Methodology
The statistical population of the present study was all children with ASD in Shahrekord, Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province. The number of final samples (convenient sampling method) was 19 children aged 7 to 9 years who were diagnosed by speech therapists and were selected from three speech therapy centers in Shahrekord in the summer and autumn of 1398. During 18 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes for each subject, which lasted for a maximum period of five months in total, their language and communication performance were examined.
 In this study, three tools were used, the first two, namely audio-visual social stories and pragmatic exercises as researcher-made tools, and the third one, which is a checklist of children's communication, were used to evaluate the performance of children with disabilities in pre-test and post-test.
Fifteen short audio-visual social stories were prepared, edited, and localized using the principles of social storytelling by Gray (1998). The pragmatic exercises are the second tool with a total of 42 exercises. In each exercise, by defining the objectives of the research, the question was read by the person or by the speech therapist. Then, with the help of the speech therapist the child was allowed to present his/her answer. This questionnaire Children's Communication Checklist (CCC) was initially designed by Bishop (1998) and standardized by Kazemi et al. (2005) for children aged six to eleven years. Its validity and reliability were assessed and an appropriate Persian version of the questionnaire was prepared. This version includes 70 questions with 9 subscales among which 5 subscales are related to pragmatics. To name just a few, we can mention inappropriate initiation, coherence, stereotyped language, use of situational context, and appropriate communication as pragmatic subscales.

 4. Results
The collected data were analyzed using statistical methods using SPSS 19 statistical software. The statistical methods used in the research include the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to examine the natural distribution of data and the dependent t-test to show the difference between the means before and after the intervention. The performance of children with disabilities in pre‑test and post-test was evaluated. The data show that the mean performance of children in a total of 5 subscales related to the pragmatics section of the Bishop communication questionnaire is 114.8 in the pre-test and 120.7 in the post-test and the t-value with 18 degrees of freedom is significant at the level of p <0.05. The mean and standard deviation of the scores of all five subtests from the Bishop communication checklist has increased in the post-test stage compared to the pre-test stage. In other words, this difference was due to the application of the independent variable. In general, analytical statistics indicate a significant difference between pre-test and post-test. The results of the five subscales are shown in the table below:
 

group	Frequency	Mean	t	freedom	significance level
Pre-test	19	114/8	-8/72	18	*0/000
post-test	19	120/7

*p<./.5
 
5. Discussion
The underlying theory of social stories goes back to a defect in the theory of mind, and the purpose of the social story is to improve the social cognition of people with autism and facilitate the creation of a theory of mind by describing specific social conditions of which the person is unaware of. Due to the functional problems of children with ASD and its adverse effect on their social skills, by supporting the functional development of language in a child, it is possible to help develop his/her own language and communication skills. The results from these analyses show that visual and auditory social stories and applied cognitive exercises were effective in improving the verbal and non-verbal communication skills of children with autism, and thus the research hypothesis was confirmed because the difference is statistically significant. These findings are consistent with the findings of Feinberg (2001) and Andre (2004) who acknowledged that social storytelling had a positive effect on the initiation of speech and communication between children with autism and their peers. The results of the study are also in agreement with the studies conducted in Iran, including Bahmanzadegan Jahromi et al. (2008), Golzari and Hemmati (2015), who approved that teaching social skills through social stories led to the reduction of deficit in non‑verbal behaviors, deficit in the maintenance of relationships with others. On the other hand, these stories improved the social behaviors of the children considering the environment and others.
The limitations of the study include the absence of some children during the intervention due to the cost of speech therapy sessions, lack of proper cooperation of government-sponsored centers with the researchers in the field, and lack of cooperation from parents and their families in completing questionnaires and hypersensitivity of their parents in the educational process of their children. In general, due to such limitations, it is suggested that more awareness and information be provided to the families of these children.

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The aim of present study was to compare antioxidant properties and investigate the possibility of synergism or antagonism interaction between green tea and oak extracts. Green tea extract in all concentrations had a significant (p<0.05) higher effect than BHT in  DPPH free radical scavenging assay and total antioxidant capacity, and in two concentration in reducing power, and in all of the assays was better than oak extract; While only in DPPH free radical scavenging assay the oak extract was better than BHT. Among different combinations of these two extracts, synergism was found in three combination according to DPPH free radical scavenging assay, four combination in total antioxidant capacity assay and all combination in reducing power assay. In the peroxide value assay, the chosen combination showed antagonism, although it was significantly (p<0.05) more effective than BHT in soy bean oil stability. The result shows that it is possible to use these natural antioxidant as substitute of synthetic antioxidant BHT.