Mahmood Noroozi, Atefeh, Darbandi, Helma, Bon, Neda, Arvane, Seyede Elham (2025). The Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on the Pain & Time Metaphorical Perception in the Patients with Musculoskeletal Pain. , 10(1), 1169-1176. doi: 10.22034/IJMPP.10.1.1169
Atefeh Mahmood Noroozi; Helma Darbandi; Neda Bon; Seyede Elham Arvane. "The Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on the Pain & Time Metaphorical Perception in the Patients with Musculoskeletal Pain". , 10, 1, 2025, 1169-1176. doi: 10.22034/IJMPP.10.1.1169
Mahmood Noroozi, Atefeh, Darbandi, Helma, Bon, Neda, Arvane, Seyede Elham (2025). 'The Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on the Pain & Time Metaphorical Perception in the Patients with Musculoskeletal Pain', , 10(1), pp. 1169-1176. doi: 10.22034/IJMPP.10.1.1169
Mahmood Noroozi, Atefeh, Darbandi, Helma, Bon, Neda, Arvane, Seyede Elham The Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on the Pain & Time Metaphorical Perception in the Patients with Musculoskeletal Pain. , 2025; 10(1): 1169-1176. doi: 10.22034/IJMPP.10.1.1169

The Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on the Pain & Time Metaphorical Perception in the Patients with Musculoskeletal Pain

International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain Prevention
Article 4, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1169-1176    PDF (1.2 M)
Document Type: Original Research
DOI: 10.22034/IJMPP.10.1.1169
Authors
Atefeh Mahmood Noroozi* 1; Helma Darbandi2; Neda Bon3; Seyede Elham Arvane4
1MSa in Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Marlik Institute of Higher Education,. Nowshahr, Iran
2Islamic Azad University, electronic-Campus. Tehran, Iran.
3Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran branch. Tehran, Iran.
4Ph.D in Health Psychology, Islamic Azad University- Karaj branch. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences. Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy on the metaphorical perception of pain and time in patients with musculoskeletal pain.

Materials & Methods: The study method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and control group. The population was all people with chronic pain in the 2024 in Tehran. According to this purpose, 30 patients with musculoskeletal pain were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (experimental group=15, and control group=15). The Questionnaire of the study was Raiisi`s Pain Metaphorical Perception, and Raiisi`s Time Metaphorical Perception. The experimental group received twelve sessions of 90-minute emotion focused therapy. The control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance by SPSS-26.

Findings: The results indicated that emotion focused therapy significantly increased components of pain (object, force, human, and causality), and time metaphorical perception (matter, place, and object) in patients with musculoskeletal pain (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The findings of this research emphasized the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy on the pain, and time metaphorical perception. As a result, evidence-based psychotherapeutic approaches such as emotion focused therapy can influence metaphorical understanding.
Keywords
Pain Metaphorical Perception; Time metaphorical perception; Emotion focused therapy; musculoskeletal pain; Patients
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