Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Regulates Oligodendrocyte Differentiation during Developmental Myelination and Remyelination | ||
| Pathobiology Reserach | ||
| Article 8, Volume 24, Issue 3, 2021 PDF (492.77 K) | ||
| Document Type: Analytic Review | ||
| Authors | ||
| Atefeh Rayatpour; Mohammad Javan* | ||
| 1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran2. Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Myelination refers to the formation of the myelin sheath around axons to guarantee rapid action potential conduction and provide trophic support to axons. It is a highly orchestrated process, which occurs in a regulated and stepwise manner. During development, oligodendrocytes progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to the different areas of the central nervous system (CNS). These cells then differentiate to mature oligodendrocytes, which extend their process toward axons and wrap around them. Many studies have examined the intracellular signaling pathways underlying the myelination process. PI3K/Akt pathway is one of the critical regulators of the oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the main downstream target of the PI3K/Akt pathway and its role in oligodendrocyte differentiation and developmental myelination has been previously identified. Here we summarized the current knowledge of the mTOR signaling pathway during developmental myelination and possible applications in remyelination. Details of the intracellular signaling mechanisms that regulate myelination might provide insight into pharmacological approaches to manipulate this process to enhance therapeutic approaches toward remyelination in demyelinating disorders. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Myelination; mTOR pathway; Actin polymerization; Myelin wrapping; Remyelination | ||
| References | ||
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