Impact of IL-35 and presepsin on immunological, hematological, and biochemical parameters in COVID-19 patients | ||
| Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology | ||
| Article 4, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 35-42 PDF (511.59 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Research | ||
| DOI: 10.52547/iem.9.1.35 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Falah Hasan Obayes AL-Khikani* 1; Zeytoon Abdulridha Alkhafaji2 | ||
| 1Department of biology, Sanandaj branch, Islamic azad university, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Backgrounds: Immune-inflammatory responses appear to play a key role in severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. Interleukin-35 (IL-35) and presepsin (PSN) are inhibitory cytokine and pro-inflammatory interleukin, which play a crucial role in the immune system modulation, respectively. Therefore, the study of IL-35 and PSN interaction with other parameters may be critical for managing patients with COVID-19. Materials & Methods: A total of 125 severe/critical COVID-19 patients and 60 healthy persons as a control group were enrolled in this work. These patients were admitted to Marjan medical city and Al-Sadeq hospital in Iraq during February to August 2022 and diagnosed as severe cases depending on the SpO2 percentage according to the guidelines released by the National Health World. Anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-35 and PSN) were detected by ELISA technique. Findings: Presepsin showed a positive correlation with admission to the respiratory care unit (RCU) (r= .022, p= .011). A negative correlation was found between presepsin and C- reactive protein (CRP) (r= .21, p= .018). Both PSN and IL-35 in biochemical tests showed a positive strong effect on glucose levels in COVID-19 patients (r= .234, p= .008 and r= .241, p= .007, respectively). IL-35 had a positive impact on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (r= .28, p= .002). Hemoglobin (Hb) level showed a positive correlation with presepsin (r= .2, p= .02). Conclusion: This study confirms the growing evidence showing the direct role of regulatory pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development and control of COVID-19 through the interaction with other parameters. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Interleukin-35; Covid-19; Inflammatory cytokine; Presepsin; SARS-CoV-2 | ||
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