Mutual effects of seed-borne bacterial pathogens, Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in co-infected bean seeds | ||
| Journal of Crop Protection | ||
| Article 4, Volume 14, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-60 PDF (1.08 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Research | ||
| DOI: 10.48311/jcp.2025.1686 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Faezeh Salehi1; Cobra Moslemkhani* 2; Nader Hasanzadeh1; Javad Razmi1; Saman Sheidaee2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Most plant pathology research has focused on single-host–single pathogen interactions. Here, are the consequences of co-infection of bean seeds with two important seed-borne pathogens, Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli (Xpp) and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) were investigated in terms of disease severity and bacterial population dynamics. Cff and Xpp isolates were collected from infected bean seeds and were identified by PCR with specific primers. Some physiological, pathogenicity, and antagonistic traits of Cff and Xpp were compared. These pathogens exhibited different characteristics, such as the production of extracellular compounds, including indole acetic acid, biofilm formation, and motility which can potentially affect each other and host plants. The results revealed that simultaneous infection of bean seeds with two pathogens increased the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) by 1.71 and 2.38 times compared to a single infection of those with Xpp and Cff, respectively. Pathogen populations in stems and leaves were different under co-infection and single conditions. The data exhibited that the ascending Xpp population in the leaves developed from bean seeds co-infected by Cff and Xpp resulted in a descending Cff population. Xpp isolate displayed greater motility, colonized the plant earlier than Cff, and accelerated disease onset. More biofilm production, confirmed in both pathogens, under co-infection conditions caused earlier plant death via water movement restriction. Our results substantiated that the higher pathogenicity abilities of Xpp played a more critical role in the disease progression in plants developed from bean seeds co-infected by Cff and Xpp. This study provides evidence for the co-occurrence of Xpp and Cff in nature, highlighting the importance of co-infection in common bacterial blight (CBB) and bacterial wilt (BW) disease dynamics. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bacterial wilt; Common bacterial blight; Co-infection; disease severity; Bacterial population | ||
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