Aliverdi, Akbar, Yeganekhah, Laila (2023). Hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as affected by time gap between the addition of adjuvant and herbicide to the tank. , 12(3), 299-307. doi: 10.48311/jcp.2023.1640
Akbar Aliverdi; Laila Yeganekhah. "Hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as affected by time gap between the addition of adjuvant and herbicide to the tank". , 12, 3, 2023, 299-307. doi: 10.48311/jcp.2023.1640
Aliverdi, Akbar, Yeganekhah, Laila (2023). 'Hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as affected by time gap between the addition of adjuvant and herbicide to the tank', , 12(3), pp. 299-307. doi: 10.48311/jcp.2023.1640
Aliverdi, Akbar, Yeganekhah, Laila Hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as affected by time gap between the addition of adjuvant and herbicide to the tank. , 2023; 12(3): 299-307. doi: 10.48311/jcp.2023.1640

Hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as affected by time gap between the addition of adjuvant and herbicide to the tank

Journal of Crop Protection
Article 6, Volume 12, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 299-307    PDF (663.89 K)
Document Type: Original Research
DOI: 10.48311/jcp.2023.1640
Authors
Akbar Aliverdi* ; Laila Yeganekhah
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Abstract


This study aimed to assess the effect of a time gap between adding adjuvant and herbicide to the tank on hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron under greenhouse conditions. Treatments consisted of herbicide dose (0, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 g ha-1), spray carrier (distilled water ± 600 mg MgCl2, CaCl2, and FeCl3 L–1), the order of adding adjuvant and herbicide to the spray carrier (herbicide alone, the addition of 20 g ammonium sulfate L-1 or 300 mg citric acid L-1 15 min before, at the same time, and 15 min after adding trifloxysulfuron to the spray carrier). The dry matter of velvetleaf was regressed over the doses of trifloxysulfuron to obtain herbicide doses in which 50 and 90% velvetleaf control occur (ED50 and ED90, respectively). The presence of Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe3+ in the spray carrier increased the ED50 from 2.41 to 5.07, 7.65, and 9.78 g a.i. ha-1 and the ED90 from 5.88 to 16.56, 28.48, and 28.19 g a.i. ha-1, respectively, indicating a hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron as Fe3+ = Ca2+ > Mg2+. Generally, the best order was adding adjuvants 15 min before adding trifloxysulfuron to the tank. It could completely overcome the hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron. In contrast, the order of adding adjuvants 15 min after adding trifloxysulfuron to the tank had no significant effect on overcoming the hard-water antagonism of trifloxysulfuron, resulting in additional costs for farmers.
Keywords
ammonium sulfate; Citric acid; spray water quality; velvetleaf
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