The Effect of Natural Zeolite (Clinoptiolite) on Aquaponic Production of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia), and Improvement of Water Quality | ||
| Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology | ||
| Article 5, Volume 8, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 313-322 PDF (146.73 K) | ||
| Authors | ||
| G. Rafiee* 1; Che Saad2 | ||
| 1Department of Fishery and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P. O. Box: 31585-4314, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The effects of natural zeolite as a bed medium in increasing lettuce and red tilapia growth as well as improvement of water quality parameters in an aquaponic system were investigated. An experiment with a completely randomized design was run with two treatments in triplicates, 1) an aquaponic system without use of zeolite as a control group and 2) use of a small cotton bag, containing 10 g zeolite as a bed medium for planting a lettuce seedling. In each experimental unit, 42 seedlings of lettuce were introduced. The individual weight of fish and lettuce yield in treatment 2 was significantly higher (P< 0.05) than treatment 1 at the end of experiment. The initial mean individual weight of red tila-pia juveniles was 6.23 ± 0.06 g and increased to 32.50 ± 2.00 and 37.50 ± 2.20 in treat-ments 1 and 2, respectively by the end of experiment. The yield of lettuce was higher in treatment 2 (1507 ± 445.00 g/unit) compared to the control (275 ± 83 g/unit). The concen-tration of total ammonia-N in the water was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in treatment 2 compared to treatment 1 at the end of experiment. The concentration of phosphorous and potassium in the fish rearing tanks was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in treatment 2. These results indicated that the use of zeolite, as a bed medium to plant lettuce seedlings in a re-circulating aquaponic system could increase the growth of lettuce seedlings as well as im-proving water quality parameters. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Aquaponic system; Diet; lettuce; Red tilapia; Water quality; Zeolite | ||
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