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Sadegh Salimi Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Azad University  Transnational organized crime is one of the most problematic matters for international community in 21 st century. These crimes are committed by organized criminal groups consisting of three or more persons, a unique leadership and strict discipline with cruel sanctions in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit. Illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in firearms is one of the most dangerous activities of these groups. The United Nations, acting on behalf of international community, elaborated an international document named "United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime" with two protocols. These documents were opened for signature of states in 2000. The third protocol named "Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime" was approved by the General Assembly in 2001. The protocol is analyzed as the most comprehensive international document in the matter. Under the protocol, states parties are obliged to consider trafficking in firearms as a crime, to assist technically and educationally, to exchange information, to keep records of and mark firearms, to supervise on brokering of firearms and confiscation of unlawful firearms. The purpose of this protocol is coordination of states national laws and encouragement of states to cooperation. It is based on preventive measures. Since its ratification would create good opportunities to Iran in combating this organized crime, it is recommendable to Iran.

Keywords: (Illicit) Trafficking in Firearms, Transnational Organized Crime

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