TY - JOUR T1 - A Microsoft Excel program for bootstrap estimates of reproductive-life table parameters TT -  برنامه‌ی رایانه‌ای برای تخمین پارامترهای جدول زندگی تولیدمثلی در محیط مایکروسافت اکسل  JF - mdrsjrns JO - mdrsjrns VL - 7 IS - 3 UR - http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-15942-en.html Y1 - 2018 SP - 247 EP - 258 KW - software KW - life-history parameters KW - uncertainty KW - resampling techniques N2 - Demographic parameters such as intrinsic rate of increase estimates are of main interest in a wide range of ecological researches. Two widely used uncertainty estimate techniques are bootstrap and jackknife methods. Bootstrap estimates are time-consuming processes that are impossible to use without a computer program. Unfortunately few programs, if any, have been developed for this task. In this study a guideline was offered to prepare a program in Microsoft Excel environment to carry out time-consuming calculations of reproductive life table data in a minute or two by repeatedly pressing a shortcut key. M3 ER -